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Lumps and Bumps that are OK to have

May 27, 2024

There are lumps and (not really bumps) that are found in the jaw bones. They are variations of normal bone anatomy. (To be honest, we are all variations of normal). These extra bone shapes are exostosis. “Exo” – outside, “stosis” – bone. They are of all shapes and sizes and stop growing when we stop growing. They are a part of the bone. They are not independent of the jaw bones.

Large bony exostosis extending along the check side of the maxilla (upper jaw bone) pushing away the cheek. There is another exostosis on the exostosis, looking like a pink lump. It is next to an abscess which is yellow and soft compared to the very firm & hard exostosis.
Normal smooth bony shape on the buccal of the maxilla

Sometimes they commonly occur at a specific site.

In the maxilla, they occur in the midline of the palate and are called torus palatinus.

In the mandible, they occur on the lingual (tongue side) of the bone. Sometimes on only on one side- called torus mandibularis, but usually both sides- called tori mandibulari.

Torus palatinus (left) is an exostosis in palate arising from the maxillary bone, whereas torus mandibularis (right) arises in the premolar area of the lingual surface of the mandible. These extra bony variations of normal are benign, usually oblivious to the owner, and need no treatment. (Bony bumps in the mouth by Soumya Chatterjee, MD, MS, FRCP- Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine January 2016, 83 (1) 17-18; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.83a.15033)

While no treatment is necessary, they can be a nuisance. The gum (gingiva) is often stretched thin over the extra bone as is more likely to ulcerate with a bump. See, I got to use the word “bump” onto the lump!

They can be difficult to clean as they sometimes can have a trough shape at the base of the “lump”. This may need to be removed if a denture may need to be placed in the mouth, especially in the upper jaw on the palate. This can also happen in the lower jaw as well with the side extension of some denture types.

The other potential problem is these exostosi can increase the density of the bone. The bone can be less pliable and teeth have no ability to move within the bone. Teeth can shift if the bite change due to wear or loos of teeth; or there is extra pressure on the tooth, move into the bone slightly.

When this can’t happen due to the reduced pliability of the bone, teeth can crack. A knock to the bone, itself, may cause to fracture.  The extra bone can also obscure structures on an x-ray, such teeth and lesions or signs of trauma in the bone itself.

The removal of exostosis is not commonly performed procedure, but it can be difficult if needs to be done.

“If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it!”

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